Life and human personality Essay Example

Life and human personality Paper We will always learn more about human life and human personality from novels than from scientific psychology. (Noam Chomsky) To what extent do you agree? Noam Chomsky did not merely state that novels will offer a wider scope and insight into humanity as compared to scientific psychology, he also supported his reasoning with the fact that literature, novels in particular, focuses on exploring the full human person1. Both psychology and novels offer insights into human personality and behavior, but in different ways. Scientific psychology attempts to establish objectively a general pattern of human behavior. In contrast, novels explore the breadth and depth of human subjectivity; as Milan Kundera writes all novels, of every age, are concerned with the enigma of the self. 2 Novels and scientific psychology both contribute to our understanding of human life and personality; the former explores the isolated self, whereas the latter offers insight to the functioning of our brain. We cannot neglect one or the other as they are both important in understanding human behavior. The most significant difference between scientific psychology and novels is that they attempt to explore the human psyche through different ways of knowing. Literature is part of the arts, which uses emotion as a way of knowing. A novelist shares his knowledge and perception of the human world as he is writing his book. If there had been no Shakespeare, then the famous lines To be or not to be3 uttered by Hamlet would not have existed. However, if Isaac Newton had not discovered gravity, another scientist would have done so eventually. Knowledge created by novels, or the arts in general, is not replicable and extremely unique, and most importantly it serves to explore what it is to be human. We will write a custom essay sample on Life and human personality specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Life and human personality specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Life and human personality specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Novelists write in order to communicate their emotions (I dont believe this is entirely true. Novelists are clearly interested in ideas as well as emotions. In fact, they often present an emotional character in order to explore an idea or a theory about why we fell what we feel or why we do what we do. Try not to confuse the emotional content of a novel with the novelist himself. ) about a particular topic or situation, which, once understood by the reader, will allow the reader to empathize and feel it as well. Novels explore the depth and variety of human consciousness; they exemplify our individuality and uniqueness; which is what scientific psychology fails to do. I believe your use of the word emotion is misplaced. You would be better off using the word consciousness instead. Scientific psychology attempts to reach a conclusion through reason. The way scientific psychologists use two methods to reach a conclusion; they observe patterns of human behavior and tendencies, establish a theory, and lastly perform a set of experiments to support their theory. The reliability and objectivity that scientific psychology embodies is advantageous because it can be applied in reality. Scientific psychology has made a variety of contributions to the real world, cognitive psychology has enhanced education; biological psychology has given insight to mental and behavioral disorders. Novels offer its readers a broader scope on humanity, as they explore universal themes of mankind, as well as the different emotions and experiences that can be encountered in life. Scientific psychology explains our bodily functions, the chemical and hormonal reactions in humans which make us behave the way we do. Thus, it can be concluded that both novels and scientific psychology provide us with knowledge about human life and personality in different ways. By looking at the way in which the novelist and the scientific psychologist treat the human emotion of fear, we can begin to understand the differences between the two. Fear is one of the most commonly felt emotions in the human world. Along with love, anger, and sadness, fear can be explained through the eyes of a scientific psychologist as a chemical and hormonal reaction, and in the eyes of a novelist as another significant human emotion to be explored. To a neurologist, the feeling of fear occurs when certain hormones are secreted by adrenal glands. Adrenaline is then synthesized and released into the bloodstream, along with noradrenalin. These two hormones are released in situations of fear or stress, causing other physical reactions. Adrenaline increases the bodys heart rate, increases sweat production, dilates the pupils and widens the lungs bronchioles. To the psychologist, fear causes similar reactions in every human being. We all release the same hormone, adrenaline, which stimulates the same physical responses. In the eyes of a novelist, fear is different for everyone. This uniqueness we could call the subjective phenomenon of individual self-hood. Different people experience fear from different things, what triggers fear in all of us varies. Some fear darkness, others fear pain and death. Novelists have presented the different emotions that occur in the face of fear through their works. One such example is the protagonist from John Fowless The Collector. Miranda Grey lives in constant fear as she is held captive by a butterfly collector, who attempts to collect her as one of his masterpieces. Mirandas tale is told through a series of journal entries, as she constantly expresses her fear and inability to escape. The fear of death becomes crippling as Miranda feels she is terribly ill and will not be able to survive It made me cry. I feel so frightened. I cant eat. Theres a pain in my lung when I breathe. The beastliness of it all. I cant write I cant write Ive begged him. Ive said its murder. I wont die. Oh God Oh God. Do not let me die. 4 Miranda is not scared of the pain of death, but she is afraid of losing her youth and her successful future as an artist. Others in her situation may be afraid of the physical torment, but Miranda fears loss; she fears how death will take everything she has away from her. A different type of fear is explored by Josi Saragamo in his novel Blindness. One of the characters begins to panic as he realizes he is blind and Saragamo describes how fear takes over his entire being in that particular moment I am blind, I am blind, he repeated in despair. I cant see, he murmured, still weeping Abandoned in the middle of the road, feeling the ground shifting under his feet, he tried to suppress the sense of panic that welled up inside him. He waved his hands in front of his face, nervously, as if he were swimming in what he had described as a milky sea, but his mouth was already opening to let out a cry for help 5 Both novels are examples of how the theme of fear is explored by novelists and expressed through the thoughts and actions of their characters. Human beings encounter different situations that inflict a sense of fear upon them, and although their physical responses are similar, the thoughts and emotions that take flight are extremely different. Only through the novel do we begin to understand how the same emotion can mean different things to different people. This reinforces the notion that, although we are biologically similar, we remain intrinsically different. Although both scientific psychology and literature have provided insight and knowledge to human life and personality, both encompass slight flaws in their attempt to define human behavior. Scientific psychology generalizes: it concludes that results obtained from their population sample are applicable to the rest of the human population. It does not take into consideration the subjectivity and inconsistency that defines human nature. Human behavior is immeasurable, it is imprecise. Scientific psychologists only study the patterns of behavior that can be studied, such as conditioning, but not all behavior can be studied scientifically. Some of our actions are compelled by forces unknown to us. Novels explore the inconsistencies of human behavior. Why does Anna Karenina kill herself? Why does Hamlet feign madness? These actions, both in the novels and in real life, cannot be explained because humans will always encompass a particular uncertainty. Scientific psychology studies the measurable behavior of humans and the chemical reactions that occur in our body. Novels study the wide scope of human emotion and behavior, the perplexing nature of man. If we only studied psychology, we would not know the inconsistencies of mankind. If we only studied literature, we would not know why most of the times humans respond and behave in similar ways to certain situations. We need to take both of them into consideration.

Essay about Famous Person Lester Ayerdis

Essay about Famous Person Lester Ayerdis Essay about Famous Person Lester Ayerdis Hank Aaron BY LESTER AYERDIS Hank Aaron Childhood Born Henry Louis Aaron on February 5, 1934, in a poor black section of Mobile, Alabama, called "Down The Bay," Hank Aaron was the third of eight children born to Estella and Herbert Aaron, who made a living as a tavern owner and a dry dock boilermaker's assistant. Aaron and his family moved to the middleclass Toulminville neighborhood when he was 8 years old. Aaron developed a strong affinity for baseball and football at a young age, and tended to focus more heavily on sports than his studies. During his freshman and sophomore years, he attended Central High School, a segregated high school in Mobile, where he excelled at both football and baseball. On the baseball diamond, he played shortstop and third base. Love Life /Family He married Barbara Lucas on October 6, 1953, then after a divorce, he married Billye Aaron in 1973. He has six children: Ceci, Gary, Lary, Dorinda, Gaile and Hank Jr. Obstacles During Aarons chase to beat the Babe's record revealed that world of baseball was far from being free of the racial tensions that prevailed around it. Letters poured into the Braves offices, as many as 3,000 a day for Aaron. Some wrote to congratulate him, but many others were disgusted that a black man should break baseball's most sacred record. Death threats were also a part of the letters. Still, Aaron pushed forward. He spoke out against the league's lack of ownership and management opportunities for minorities. "On the field, blacks have been able to be super giants," he once stated. "But, once our playing days are over, this is the end of it and we go back to the back of the bus again." Influence /Baseball Career In his junior year, Aaron transferred to the Josephine Allen Institute, a neighboring private school that had an organized baseball program. Before the end of his first year at Allen, he had more than proved his abilities on the baseball field. Then, perhaps sensing that he had a bigger future ahead of him, in 1951, the 18-year-old Aaron quit school to play for the Negro Baseball League's Indianapolis Clowns. After leading his club to victory in the league's 1952 World Series, in June 1952, Aaron was recruited by the Milwaukee Braves (formerly of Boston and later of Atlanta) for $10,000. Positive contributions to the game of baseball Not was he only the first negro league ball player but he was also the first to break Babe Ruth’s homerun record. Just like Jackie Robinson he changed the culture and the way the game was played. He also created a path for many more colored men to play the game. President Richard Nixon called, and thousands of positive telegrams arrived. "Having integrated sports in the Deep South, Aaron already was a hero to me as I sat in the stands that day," President Carter said recently in marking this 40th anniversary. "As the first black superstar playing on the first big league baseball team in the Deep South, he had been both demeaned and idolized in Atlanta." Carter believes Aaron's success in baseball played a huge role in advancing the cause of civil rights. "He became the first black man for whom white fans in the South cheered," said Carter. "A humble man who did not seek the

Placebo Effects of Caffeine on Cycling Performanc Coursework

Placebo Effects of Caffeine on Cycling Performanc - Coursework Example For instance, Clark et al conducted a research where subjects where divided in to three groups. However, his research could not provide correct results on the cause of placebo effect since half the subjects had prior knowledge that carbohydrates would increase their performance. The third group had prior knowledge that their drink could lead to improved performance hence the researcher could not control the findings of the research. The research study used a sample of seven cyclists and used both quantitative and qualitative methods of study. The cyclists were not aware that placebo capsules were administered since they thought it was caffeine. Two baseline and three experimental trials were used. The research is beneficial since it utilized semi-structured interviews to explore the symptoms of the capsules. The level of confidence error provided in the research is sufficient for us to conclude the findings are true. The research suffers from various theoretical and methodological limitations since cyclists were selected from well-trained competitive teams hence they could have increased their performance without use of caffeine. The subjects had prior literature from published research on the positive relationship of caffeine and cycling performance. The research method was flawed since it only selected only seven cyclists from the age of thirty to forty one years hence the sample surveyed was insufficient. Fo r instance, the power output of the fourth subject varied up to 20 percent between adjacent trials which the research has not explained the causes of the variance in the power output (Jackson 170). The subjected were exposed to three different conditions which are moderate dose, high dose and randomly assigned double blind basis hence the research study ignored the optimum control of the amount of caffeine which subjects could take.